GRE出国考试历年真题之选择题精华

GRE出国考试历年真题之选择题精华

1、In some cultures the essence of magic is its traditional integrity; it can be efficient only if it has been ------- without loss from primeval times to the present practitioner. A, conventionalized B, realized C, transmitted

D, manipulated E, aggrandized

magic: n.魔术，法术，巫术

integrity: n.1.正真，廉正，诚实，诚恳 2.完整，完全 3.完善，健全 primeval: a.原始的，早期的，远古的

efficient: a.1.效率高的，有能力的，能胜任的 2.直接产生效果的，有效的，生效的 conventionalize: a.使符合习俗，使惯例化，按传统手法表现

aggrandize: v.扩大…权势，提高…地位，增进，扩充 在某些文化中，巫术的本质在于其传统的完整性：只有当它被完好无损地从远古时期传递到当今术士的手中，它方能显得卓有成效。

2、Although skeptics say financial problems will probably --------- our establishing a base on the Moon. Supporters of the project remain ------, saying that human curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints. A, beset.. disillusioned

B, hasten.. hopeful

C, postpone.. pessimistic D, prevent.. enthusiastic E, allow.. unconvinced sceptic: n.怀疑(论)者，〔哲〕不可知论者

pragmatic: a.1.讲究实际的，实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的

constraint:n.1.约束，限制 2.强迫，强制 3.克制，抑制，拘束 beset: v.1.困扰，使苦恼 2.包围，围攻 disillusion: v.使幻灭

postpone: v.1.延迟，延缓，使延期 2.把…放在后面 pessimistic: a.悲观(主义)的

尽管怀疑论者声称，经济问题将有可能阻碍我们在月球上建立一个基础，但这一计划的支持者却热情不减，宣称人类的求知欲理应克服这些实际障碍。

3、Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of literature produced in the United States truly ------- a ------- literature, or whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature. A, symbolized.. local B, constituted.. national C, defined.. historical D, outlined.. good

E, captured.. meaningful

academic: n.1.大学生，大学教师 2.学者，学会会员 provincial: a.1.狭隘的，地方性的 2.外省的，外地的

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symbolize: v.象征，标志

第二次世界大战之前，学者们依然感到疑惑，即在美国创作的全部文学作品是否真正能构成一种民族文学，抑或这种文学只能算作英国文学的一个地方性分支。

4、Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as ------- fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers. A, a controversial B, a statistical C, an analytical D, an explicit

E, an unimpeachable

dominance: n.优势，支配(或统治)地位，最高权力 arcane: a.神秘的，晦涩难解的，秘密的

bibliographer: n.1.书目编制者 2.目录学家，书志学家

explicit: a.1.详述，明确的，明析的 2.直言的，坦率的 3.显然可见的，容易观察到的 unimpeachable: a.无瑕疵的，无缺点的，完全可靠的

在十八世纪，女性创作的小说数量相当程度上超过男性创作小说，但女性文学创作的这种主导地位直到最近仅仅被视作一个统计学事实，一点小小的秘密知识，只为文献目录学家所注意。

5、All ------- biological traits fall into one of two categories: those giving their possessors greater ------- the environment and those rendering them more independent of it.

A, widespread.. detachment from B, beneficial.. control over C, successful.. freedom from D, neutral.. compatibility with

E, harmful.. advantage in trait: n.特征，特点，特性

category: n.1.种类，类别 2.〔哲〕范畴

render: v.1.使得，使成为 2.给予，提供 3.提出，呈报

detachment: n.1.分开，分离，脱离 2.超然，公正，不偏不倚

beneficial: a.有益的，有利的，有帮助的

所有有益的生物特征在两个类别之间都必居其一：一类生物特征使其拥有者得以在更大程度上控制环境，另一类则使它们更独立于环境。

6、One of archaeology’s central dilemmas is how to reconstruct the ------- of complex ancient societies from meager and often ------- physical evidence. A, riddles.. obsolete B, details.. irrefutable C, intricacies.. equivocal D, patterns.. flawless E, configurations.. explicit archaeology: n.考古家

dilemma: n.(进退两难的)窘境，困境

reconstruct: v.1.重建，改组，重新构成 2.修复 3.重新描述，使(按原貌)再现 meager: a.粗劣的，贪乏不足的，(作品)枯竭的，缺乏想象力的

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obsolete: a.废弃的，淘汰的，过时的

irrefutable: a.无可辩驳的，不可否认的

intricacy: n.1.错综复杂，复杂精细 2.难以了解，难以理解 equivocal: a.模棱两可的，含糊的，有多种含义的

flawless: a.1.无裂隙的，无裂痕的 2.无缺点的，无瑕的，完美的

configuration: n.布局，构造，外形 考古学所面临的一个主要困境是，如何才能凭藉着贫乏而又经常是模棱两可的物质证据去重新再现错综复杂的古代社会的诸般复杂性。

7、Just as the authors’ book on eels is often a key text for courses in marine vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny ------- teaching in this area. A, prevent B, defy C, replicate D, inform

E, use 1、In some cultures the essence of magic is its traditional integrity; it can be efficient only if it has been ------- without loss from primeval times to the present practitioner. A, conventionalized B, realized C, transmitted D, manipulated

E, aggrandized

magic: n.魔术，法术，巫术

integrity: n.1.正真，廉正，诚实，诚恳 2.完整，完全 3.完善，健全 primeval: a.原始的，早期的，远古的

efficient: a.1.效率高的，有能力的，能胜任的 2.直接产生效果的，有效的，生效的 conventionalize: a.使符合习俗，使惯例化，按传统手法表现

aggrandize: v.扩大…权势，提高…地位，增进，扩充 在某些文化中，巫术的本质在于其传统的完整性：只有当它被完好无损地从远古时期传递到当今术士的手中，它方能显得卓有成效。

2、Although skeptics say financial problems will probably --------- our establishing a base on the Moon. Supporters of the project remain ------, saying that human curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints. A, beset.. disillusioned B, hasten.. hopeful

C, postpone.. pessimistic D, prevent.. enthusiastic

E, allow.. unconvinced sceptic: n.怀疑(论)者，〔哲〕不可知论者

pragmatic: a.1.讲究实际的，实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的 constraint:n.1.约束，限制 2.强迫，强制 3.克制，抑制，拘束 beset: v.1.困扰，使苦恼 2.包围，围攻 disillusion: v.使幻灭

postpone: v.1.延迟，延缓，使延期 2.把…放在后面

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pessimistic: a.悲观(主义)的

尽管怀疑论者声称，经济问题将有可能阻碍我们在月球上建立一个基础，但这一计划的支持者却热情不减，宣称人类的求知欲理应克服这些实际障碍。

3、Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of literature produced in the United States truly ------- a ------- literature, or whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature. A, symbolized.. local B, constituted.. national C, defined.. historical D, outlined.. good

E, captured.. meaningful

academic: n.1.大学生，大学教师 2.学者，学会会员 provincial: a.1.狭隘的，地方性的 2.外省的，外地的 symbolize: v.象征，标志

第二次世界大战之前，学者们依然感到疑惑，即在美国创作的全部文学作品是否真正能构成一种民族文学，抑或这种文学只能算作英国文学的一个地方性分支。

4、Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as ------- fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers. A, a controversial B, a statistical

C, an analytical D, an explicit

E, an unimpeachable

dominance: n.优势，支配(或统治)地位，最高权力

arcane: a.神秘的，晦涩难解的，秘密的

bibliographer: n.1.书目编制者 2.目录学家，书志学家

explicit: a.1.详述，明确的，明析的 2.直言的，坦率的 3.显然可见的，容易观察到的 unimpeachable: a.无瑕疵的，无缺点的，完全可靠的 在十八世纪，女性创作的小说数量相当程度上超过男性创作小说，但女性文学创作的这种主导地位直到最近仅仅被视作一个统计学事实，一点小小的秘密知识，只为文献目录学家所注意。

5、All ------- biological traits fall into one of two categories: those giving their possessors greater ------- the environment and those rendering them more independent of it. A, widespread.. detachment from B, beneficial.. control over C, successful.. freedom from

D, neutral.. compatibility with E, harmful.. advantage in trait: n.特征，特点，特性

category: n.1.种类，类别 2.〔哲〕范畴

render: v.1.使得，使成为 2.给予，提供 3.提出，呈报

detachment: n.1.分开，分离，脱离 2.超然，公正，不偏不倚 beneficial: a.有益的，有利的，有帮助的

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所有有益的生物特征在两个类别之间都必居其一：一类生物特征使其拥有者得以在更大程度上控制环境，另一类则使它们更独立于环境。

6、One of archaeology’s central dilemmas is how to reconstruct the ------- of complex ancient societies from meager and often ------- physical evidence. A, riddles.. obsolete B, details.. irrefutable C, intricacies.. equivocal D, patterns.. flawless

E, configurations.. explicit archaeology: n.考古家

dilemma: n.(进退两难的)窘境，困境

reconstruct: v.1.重建，改组，重新构成 2.修复 3.重新描述，使(按原貌)再现 meager: a.粗劣的，贪乏不足的，(作品)枯竭的，缺乏想象力的 obsolete: a.废弃的，淘汰的，过时的

irrefutable: a.无可辩驳的，不可否认的

intricacy: n.1.错综复杂，复杂精细 2.难以了解，难以理解 equivocal: a.模棱两可的，含糊的，有多种含义的

flawless: a.1.无裂隙的，无裂痕的 2.无缺点的，无瑕的，完美的 configuration: n.布局，构造，外形

考古学所面临的一个主要困境是，如何才能凭藉着贫乏而又经常是模棱两可的物质证据去重新再现错综复杂的古代社会的诸般复杂性。

7、Just as the authors’ book on eels is often a key text for courses in marine vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny ------- teaching in this area. A, prevent B, defy C, replicate D, inform

E, use

1、Paradoxically, England’s colonization of North America was ----- by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country. A, demonstrated B, determined C, altered

D, undermined E, distinguished

paradoxically: adv.1.似非而是地，佯谬地 2.自相矛盾地 3.悖理地，反常地 colonization: n.殖民统治

prosperity: n.兴旺，繁荣昌盛

loyalty: n.忠诚

demonstrate: v.1.论证，证明 2.说明，教 3.显示，表露

alter: v.改变，改动，使变样 矛盾的是，英国在北美的殖民统治反而由于它的成功而遭到削弱：诸殖民地的日益繁荣减少了它们对其宗主国的依赖，因而亦减少了它们对它的忠诚。

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2、Although Harry, Stack Sullivan is one of the most influential social scientists of this century, his ideas are now so ----- in our society that they seem almost --------. A, novel.. antiquated

B, revolutionary.. fundamental C, commonplace .. banal D, disputed.. esoteric

E, obscure.. familiar 【翻译】虽然哈利·斯塔克·沙利文是本世纪最具影响的社会科学家之一但是现在看来，他的思想在我们的社会中显得如此普通平凡，以致于几*庸。

3、Her first concert appearance was disappointingly perfunctory and derivative, rather than the--------performance in the -------style we had anticipated. A, talented.. tenuous B, prosaic.. classic C, artistic.. mechanical

D, inspired.. innovative E, literal.. enlightened

perfunctory: a.敷衍了事的，马虎的，得过且过的

derivative: a.1.派生的，衍生的 2.缺乏独创性的，模仿他人的 tenuous: a.1.细的，薄的 2.稀薄的，脆弱的

prosaic: a.1.散文的 2.平凡的，乏味的

inspired: a.受神灵启示的，在灵感支配下的

literal: a.1.逐字的，照字面的，原义的 2.只讲究实际的，缺乏想象力的，刻板的，如实的

enlightened: a.开明的，有知识的，文明的

她的首场音乐会演出令人失望地显得敷衍了事，且有模仿他人之嫌，而不是我们所期待的那种灵感迸发的演出和令人耳目一新的风格。

4、As is often the case with collections of lectures by ------ authors, the book as a whole is ------, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves. A, different.. disconnected B, incompetent.. abysmal C, famous.. systematic D, mediocre.. unexciting

E, various.. coherent

contribution: n.(投给报刊等的)稿件，文搞 incompetent: a.不称职的不胜任的

abysmal: a.深不可测的，无底的，极度的

对于那些由不同的作者的演讲录编辑而成的集子来说，常有的情形是，整本书会显得杂乱无章，尽管单独的稿件就其本身而言可谓很出色。

5、Although some consider forcefulness and ------- to be two traits desirable to the same degree, I think that making a violent effort is much less useful than main-taining a steady one.

A, promptness B, persistence C, aggression

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D, skillfulness

E, lucidity

trait: n.特征，特点，特性 promptness: n.快捷，迅速

aggression: n.侵犯(行为)，侵略(行为)，挑衅

lucidity: n.明晰易懂，清澈透明

虽然有人认为强劲有力和坚持不懈这两种特征同等可取，但我认为作一剧烈的努力远没有维持一稳定的努力来得有用。

6、The popularity of pseudoscience and quack medicines in the nineteenth century suggests that people were very----- but the gullibility of the public today makes citizens of yesterday look like hard-nosed ------. A, cautious.. educators B, sophisticated.. realists C, rational.. pragmatists

D, naive.. idealists E, credulous.. skeptics pseudoscience: n.伪科学

quack: n.冒牌医生，江湖骗子

hard-nosed: a.1.(猎犬)嗅觉不灵的 2.执拗的，倔强的，顽强的，不屈不挠的 3.(美俚)精

明而讲究实际的

sophisticated: a.老于世故的，富于经验的，精通的

rational: a.1.理性的，理智的，明事理的 2.合理的 3.神智健全的 pragmatist: 实用主义者

naive: a.1.天真的 2.幼稚的，轻信的 3.未有过经验的

idealist: n.1.理想主义者，理想家，空想家 2.〔哲〕唯心主义者，唯心论者

credulous: a.轻信的，易受骗的，因轻信而引起的 sceptic: n.1.怀疑(论)者 2.怀疑宗教(尤指基督教)者

伪科学和江湖庸医在十九世纪的风靡一时，表明人们相当轻信，但当今公众之如此易于受骗上当，使得昨日的公民看上去犹若精明实际的怀疑者。

7、Though extremely ------ about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly ------- information about what they intended to do next. A, idiosyncratic .. altering B, guarded.. eschewing C, candid.. uncovering D, reticent. . soliciting E, fastidious.. ruining

1、Though environmentalists have targeted some herbicides as potentially dangerous, the anufacturers, to the environmentalists’ dismay, ------ the use of these herbicides on lawns. A, defy B, defer C, defend

D, assail E, disparage

environmentalist: n.1.环境保护论者，人类生态学者 2.环境论者 3.环境艺术家

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target: v.以…为攻击目标

herbicide: n.除莠剂，灭草剂 potentially: adv.潜在地，可能地

to somebody’s dismay: prep.令人气馁(失望、绝望、幻灭，惊愕等) defy: v.1.违抗，反抗，蔑视 2.经受得住 3.使成为不可能 4.挑，激

defer: v.1.推迟，拖延，使推迟 2.尊敬，服从，敬重(to)

assail: v.1.攻击，袭击 2.质问，责骂 3.着手解决，毅然对付

disparage: v.1.贬低，轻视 2.底毁，损害…的名声

虽然环保专家们将抨击的矛头指向某些除草剂，抨击某潜在的危险性，但是，令环保专家们沮丧的是，制造商们却对这些除草剂在草坪上的使用大加辨护。

2、To believe that a culture’s achievement can be measured by the -------of its written material requires one to accept that a page of junk mail is as ------- as a page of great literature.

A, nature.. readable

B, quality.. prevalent

C, timelessness.. understandable

D, applicability.. eloquent E, volume.. valuable

junk mail: n.三级邮件，(成批大量发出的)邮寄广告宣传品 prevalent: a.流行的，盛行的，普遍的

timelessness: n.永恒，无时间性，永不改变，无始无终

eloquent: a.1.雄辩的，有说服力的 2.富于表情的，明白显示出的(of) volume: n.1.份量，量，额 2.体积，容积，容量

若要人相信某一文化的成就可凭藉其书面材料的总量来衡量的话，这就需要我们接受这样一种说法，即一页三级邮件的价值可与一页伟大的文学作品相提并论。

3、Given the failure of independent laboratories to replicate the results of Dr. Johnson’s experiment, only the most ------- supporters of her hypothesis would be foolish enough to claim that it had been adequately -------. A, fastidious.. defined B, partisan.. verified C, vigilant.. publicized D, enlightened.. researched

E, fervent.. undermined

given a.1.规定的，特定的 2.有癖好的，有倾向的(to) 3.已知的，假设的 replicate: v.复制，摹写

adequately: adv.1.适当地，胜任地 2.足够地 3.勉强够地，差强人意地 fastidious: a.爱挑剔的，过分讲究的 partisan: v.党派的，派性的，偏袒的

verify: v.1证明，证实 2.核实，查对，查清 vigilant: a.警戒的，警觉的，警惕的 publicize: v.引起公众对…的注意，宣传

enlightened: a.开明的，有知识的，摆脱偏见(或迷信)的，文明的 fervent: a.1.炽热的 2.热情的，热诚的，强烈的

undermine: v.1.侵蚀…的基础 2.暗中破坏，逐渐损害(或削弱)

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鉴于独立的实验室无法复制出约翰逊博士的实验结果，因此，唯有其假设最偏袒的支持者才会愚顽至极，竟会声称它早已得到了充分的验证。

4、Roman historians who study the period 30 B.C. to A.D. 180 can -------the \"Augustan peace\" only by failing to recognize that this peace in many respects resembled that of death. A, decry B, applaud C, ridicule

D, demand E, disprove

decry: v.1.(强烈)反对，(公开)谴责 2.诋毁(名声) applaud: v.1.向…喝彩，给…捧场 2.称赞，赞许，赞成 ridicule v.嘲笑，戏弄，嘲弄

disprove: v.证明…不能成立，证明…虚假(或不正确)，反驳 研究公元前30年至公元180年这一时期的罗马史学家们，他们之所以能对“奥古斯都的太平盛世”大加颂扬，只是因为他们无从认识到，这种所谓的“太平盛世”其实在诸多方面与死气沉沉相差无几。

5、Although Tom was aware that it would be ------ to display annoyance publicly at the sales conference, he could not -------- his irritation with the client’s unreasonable demands. A, inadvisable.. evince B, efficacious.. suppress C, pragmatic.. counter

D, captious.. express E, impolitic.. hide

annoyance: n.1.恼怒，烦恼 2.打拢，骚扰

irritation: n.1.激怒，恼怒，生气 2.刺激物，恼人事

inadvisable: a.不可取的，不妥当的，失策的 evince: v.表明，显示

efficacious: a.灵验的，奏效的

pragmatic: a.1.实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的 counter: v.1.反对，反击，对抗，反驳，抵消，制止 2.(拳击时)还击 captious: 难以讨好的，吹毛求疵的

impolitic: a.失策的，不当的，不审慎的，没见识的

尽管汤姆意识到，在销售会上公然展示恼怒甚为不妥但面对顾客的无理要求，他却再也无法掩饰其满腔怒火。

6、It is no accident that most people find Davis’ book disturbing, for it is ------ to undermine a number beliefs they have long -------. A, calculated.. cherished B, annotated.. assimilated C, intended.. denied D, anxious.. misunderstood

E, reputed.. anticipated

undermine: v.1.侵蚀…的基础 2.暗中破坏，逐渐损害(或削弱) calculated: a.精心计划的，蓄意的

cherish: v.1.珍视，珍爱 2.抱有，怀有(思想，感情等)

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annotate: v.给…作注解(或译注)

assimilate: v.吸收消化，使同化，使趋于一致

reputed: a.1.驰名的 2.被一般认定的，普遍认为的 大多数人发现戴维斯的著作令人不安，这决非偶然，因为它刻意要摧毁人们长期以来所怀有的信念。

7、One virus strain that may help gene therapists cure genetic brain diseases can enter the peripheral nervous system and travel to the brain, ------- the need to inject the therapeutic virus directly into the brain. A, suggesting B, intensifying C, elucidating D, satisfying

E, obviating

1、Though environmentalists have targeted some herbicides as potentially dangerous, the anufacturers, to the environmentalists’ dismay, ------ the use of these herbicides on lawns. A, defy B, defer C, defend D, assail

E, disparage

environmentalist: n.1.环境保护论者，人类生态学者 2.环境论者 3.环境艺术家

target: v.以…为攻击目标 herbicide: n.除莠剂，灭草剂 potentially: adv.潜在地，可能地

to somebody’s dismay: prep.令人气馁(失望、绝望、幻灭，惊愕等)

defy: v.1.违抗，反抗，蔑视 2.经受得住 3.使成为不可能 4.挑，激 defer: v.1.推迟，拖延，使推迟 2.尊敬，服从，敬重(to)

assail: v.1.攻击，袭击 2.质问，责骂 3.着手解决，毅然对付 disparage: v.1.贬低，轻视 2.底毁，损害…的名声

虽然环保专家们将抨击的矛头指向某些除草剂，抨击某潜在的危险性，但是，令环保专家们沮丧的是，制造商们却对这些除草剂在草坪上的使用大加辨护。

2、To believe that a culture’s achievement can be measured by the -------of its written material requires one to accept that a page of junk mail is as ------- as a page of great literature.

A, nature.. readable B, quality.. prevalent

C, timelessness.. understandable

D, applicability.. eloquent E, volume.. valuable

junk mail: n.三级邮件，(成批大量发出的)邮寄广告宣传品 prevalent: a.流行的，盛行的，普遍的

timelessness: n.永恒，无时间性，永不改变，无始无终

eloquent: a.1.雄辩的，有说服力的 2.富于表情的，明白显示出的(of) volume: n.1.份量，量，额 2.体积，容积，容量

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若要人相信某一文化的成就可凭藉其书面材料的总量来衡量的话，这就需要我们接受这样一种说法，即一页三级邮件的价值可与一页伟大的文学作品相提并论。

3、Given the failure of independent laboratories to replicate the results of Dr. Johnson’s experiment, only the most ------- supporters of her hypothesis would be foolish enough to claim that it had been adequately -------. A, fastidious.. defined B, partisan.. verified C, vigilant.. publicized D, enlightened.. researched

E, fervent.. undermined

given a.1.规定的，特定的 2.有癖好的，有倾向的(to) 3.已知的，假设的 replicate: v.复制，摹写

adequately: adv.1.适当地，胜任地 2.足够地 3.勉强够地，差强人意地 fastidious: a.爱挑剔的，过分讲究的 partisan: v.党派的，派性的，偏袒的

verify: v.1证明，证实 2.核实，查对，查清

vigilant: a.警戒的，警觉的，警惕的 publicize: v.引起公众对…的注意，宣传

enlightened: a.开明的，有知识的，摆脱偏见(或迷信)的，文明的 fervent: a.1.炽热的 2.热情的，热诚的，强烈的

undermine: v.1.侵蚀…的基础 2.暗中破坏，逐渐损害(或削弱)

鉴于独立的实验室无法复制出约翰逊博士的实验结果，因此，唯有其假设最偏袒的支持者才会愚顽至极，竟会声称它早已得到了充分的验证。

4、Roman historians who study the period 30 B.C. to A.D. 180 can -------the \"Augustan peace\" only by failing to recognize that this peace in many respects resembled that of death. A, decry B, applaud

C, ridicule D, demand E, disprove

decry: v.1.(强烈)反对，(公开)谴责 2.诋毁(名声)

applaud: v.1.向…喝彩，给…捧场 2.称赞，赞许，赞成

ridicule v.嘲笑，戏弄，嘲弄

disprove: v.证明…不能成立，证明…虚假(或不正确)，反驳

研究公元前30年至公元180年这一时期的罗马史学家们，他们之所以能对“奥古斯都的太平盛世”大加颂扬，只是因为他们无从认识到，这种所谓的“太平盛世”其实在诸多方面与死气沉沉相差无几。

5、Although Tom was aware that it would be ------ to display annoyance publicly at the sales conference, he could not -------- his irritation with the client’s unreasonable demands. A, inadvisable.. evince B, efficacious.. suppress C, pragmatic.. counter D, captious.. express E, impolitic.. hide

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annoyance: n.1.恼怒，烦恼 2.打拢，骚扰

irritation: n.1.激怒，恼怒，生气 2.刺激物，恼人事 inadvisable: a.不可取的，不妥当的，失策的 evince: v.表明，显示

efficacious: a.灵验的，奏效的

pragmatic: a.1.实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的 counter: v.1.反对，反击，对抗，反驳，抵消，制止 2.(拳击时)还击 captious: 难以讨好的，吹毛求疵的

impolitic: a.失策的，不当的，不审慎的，没见识的

尽管汤姆意识到，在销售会上公然展示恼怒甚为不妥但面对顾客的无理要求，他却再也无法掩饰其满腔怒火。

6、It is no accident that most people find Davis’ book disturbing, for it is ------ to undermine a number beliefs they have long -------. A, calculated.. cherished B, annotated.. assimilated C, intended.. denied

D, anxious.. misunderstood E, reputed.. anticipated

undermine: v.1.侵蚀…的基础 2.暗中破坏，逐渐损害(或削弱) calculated: a.精心计划的，蓄意的

cherish: v.1.珍视，珍爱 2.抱有，怀有(思想，感情等)

annotate: v.给…作注解(或译注)

assimilate: v.吸收消化，使同化，使趋于一致

reputed: a.1.驰名的 2.被一般认定的，普遍认为的 大多数人发现戴维斯的著作令人不安，这决非偶然，因为它刻意要摧毁人们长期以来所

怀有的信念。

7、One virus strain that may help gene therapists cure genetic brain diseases can enter the peripheral nervous system and travel to the brain, ------- the need to inject the therapeutic virus directly into the brain. A, suggesting B, intensifying C, elucidating D, satisfying E, obviating

1、Artificial light _______ the respiratory activity of some microorganisms in the winter but not in the summer, in part because in the summer their respiration is already at its peak and thus cannot be _______. A, stimulates.. lessened B, inhibits.. quickened C, reflects.. expanded D, elevates.. measured

E, enhances.. increased

respiratory: a.呼吸的，呼吸器管的，呼吸作用的 microorganism: n.微生物

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inhibit: v.1.抑制，约束 2.[化][医]抑制

elevate: v.1.举起，提高，使上升 2.提升…的职位，提高(嗓门，信心等)，改善3.使情绪高昂

人造光能增强某些微生物体在夏季的呼吸活动，但在夏季却不能，部分原因是因为它们的呼吸在夏季早已处于高峰状态，故而已到了无以复加的地步。

2、Doreen justifiably felt she deserved recognition for the fact that the research institute had been _____a position of preeminence, since it was she who had ______ the t ransformation.

A, reduced to.. controlled

B, raised to.. observed

C, mired in.. imagined考试大－全国最大教育类网站(www．Examda。com) D, maintained in.. created

E, returned to.. directed

justifiably: adv.无可非议地，可辩护地，情有可原地 preeminence: n.卓越，杰出 mire: v.使陷入泥潭，使陷困境

戴莲理直气壮地觉得她理应得到人们的褒奖，因为研究院再度回到了昔日的卓越地位，而正是她一手导演了这一变迁。

3、The prospects of discovering new aspects of the life of a painter as thoroughly studied as Vermeer are not, on the surface_______. A, unpromising

B, daunting C, encouraging D, superficial E, challenging

prospect: n.1.预期，展望，指望 2.景象，视野 3.机会，前景，前程，前途

vermeer: n.弗美尔(荷兰风俗画家，亦作肖像及风景画，以善用色彩表现空间感及光的效

果著称，作品有《挤奶女工》，《情书》等)

unpromising: a.无指望的，没有前途的，不太有成功希望的 daunting: a.令人胆怯气馁的，威吓的

superficial: a.1.面(积)的 2.表面的，外部的 3.草率的，粗略的4.肤浅的，浅薄的 象弗美尔这样一位其生平被研究得如此这巨细无遗、透彻详尽的画家，要挖掘其生平中的新内容，乍看上去，前景并不让人感到欣慰鼓舞。

4、Even those siblings whose childhood was ------- familial feuding and intense rivalry for their parents’ affection can nevertheless develop _______relationships with each other in their adult lives. A, scarred by.. vitriolic B, dominated by.. intimate C, filled with.. truculent D, replete with.. competitive

E, devoid of.. tolerant

sibling: n.兄弟(或姊妹)，同胞

familial: a.家庭的，家族的，家庭(或家庭)成员所持有的 feuding: n.世仇，仇恨，长期不和

congenial

and

even

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congenial: a.1.协调一致的 2.情趣相投的，令人愉快的，合意的，相宜的

scar: v.给…留下创伤

vitriolic: a.凶残的，粗暴的，刻毒的，好战的 replete(with): a.1.充满的 2.详尽的，完备的 devoid (of): a.没有…的，无…的

即使其童年生活充斥着家庭怨仇和对其父母亲感情的强烈竞争，但那些兄弟姊妹们在其成年生活中相互之间依然能培养起融洽的，甚至是亲密的关系。

5、Because they have been so dazzled by the calendars and the knowledge of astronomy possessed by the Mayan civilization, some anthropologists have ------- achievements like the sophisticated carved calendar sticks of the Winnebago people. A, described B, acknowledged C, overlooked D, defended

E, authenticated

dazzle: v.1.使目眩 2.使昏眩，使惊诧不已，使倾倒

calendar: n.1.日历，历书 2.历法 3.日程表，记事录 anthropologist: n. 人类学者，人类学家

sophisticated: a.1.老于世故的 2.老练的，精通的 3.深奥微妙的，精致的 4.复杂的，精密的，尖端的

autheticate: v.证明…是确实可信的

由于他们如此痴迷倾倒于玛亚文明所拥有的历法和天文学知识，某些人类学家故而对温内贝戈人雕刻于木棍上的复杂的历法这类成就视而不见。

6、Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly _______over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability. A, appreciated B, emulated

C, criticized D, revised E, reprinted

aptly: adv.1.有…倾向地 2.恰当地，适宜地 3.反应敏捷地 imbue: v.使充满，使渗透

thereby: adv.1.因此，由此，从而 2.在那件事上 mutability: n.可变性，无常不定，变化性

emulate: v.1.努力赶超，与…竞争 2.仿效，模仿 恰当得很，一部如此贯穿着变化的时代与变化的风格这一观念的著作，在过去的几年中，也不断地被修订，从而反映出它自身的变化性。

7、The sea was not an ______the _____of the windmill; on the contrary, while the concept of the new invention passed quickly from seaport to seaport, it made little headway inland.

A, element in.. evolution B, issue in . . acceptance C, aid to.. designers D, obstacle to.. diffusion

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E, impediment to.. creatio